Sejarah Gereja Asia Pdf Download REPACK
under the cultural influence of both christianity and islam the belief that one is born a muslim (jamaika) and begins his or her muslim life with the acceptance of the five pillars of islam gradually formed. the three pillars of the five pillars are: 1. the prayer of faith ( shahadat ), believed to be the act of submitting to god, 2. the full islamic fasting during the month of ramadan, which lasts for approximately 30 days, and 3. the pilgrimage to mecca, a pilgrimage which must be made at least once in a muslims life. these three pillars of islam are described as the the base of shari-islamic law (wholesome practice of islam). [16]
sejarah gereja asia pdf download
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the balian doctrine, which viewed the nusantara as a shared territory between islam and christianity, was developed by fr. scholasticus, a contemporary of the 14th century. though it did not affect the realities of policy, this doctrine was very influential within the catholic church in indonesia. the balian theory says that java and bali, known as jawa-balita, actually were once part of the hindu-buddhist territory of sunda. the areas of java and bali were officially identified with the sultanate of sunda. however, it also stated that these two regions once were part of the territory of the kingdom of mataram in the hindubuddhist realm of java. the land of mataram or kingdom of java was supposedly hindubuddhist, but the kingdom of sunda was supposedly islamic. the balian doctrine was applied to demonstrate that the regions of java and bali were part of islamic territory. it was particularly based on the islamic belief that areas once controlled by hinduism should be under islamic rule. seeking the asian face of jesus: the practice and theology of christian social witness in indonesia and india 1974-1996, 46.
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